In a centrifugal compressor, interactions between impeller blades and stationary parts such as diffuser vanes will generate high frequency pressure pulsations. The frequencies of these pulsations, so called “blade passing frequency (hereafter BPF)”, depend on the rotating speed and number of impeller blades. The BPF of a centrifugal compressor is typically beyond 1 kHz, and the resulting pressure pulsations can excite high frequency vibrations in the compressor itself and in the adjacent process piping. In the piping system, generally, there are many natural frequencies around the BPF, the accompanying vibration mode can be complex shell wall type. In the worst-case scenario cracks in the pipe and finally even failure can occur. Pipe failure causes a serious impact on for instance safety and downtime for the plant operation. This paper discusses the acoustic excitation in a compressor and vibration response in a piping system by using the laboratory testing as well as computing analyses. In addition, the actual high cycle fatigue failure case in the field is also explained including on-site stress measurements. Readers and audience will get the clear pictures about pressure fields in compressor, features of acoustic excitations, resulted vibrations and potential failures.